Note: This VAL system was replaced. The updated VAL system can be found here.
Agency: Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)
Name: Five-level alert scheme for Mount Pinatubo
University of Washington Press, pp 87–106. https://pubs.usgs.gov/pinatubo/contents.html. If the above link is broken try the archived version here.
Elements of VAL system
| Domain | Terrestrial or All |
| Volcano | Pinatubo |
| Scheme range | 5-level scale |
| Lowest level | 1 |
| Highest level | 5 |
| Level name type | Number |
| Level for lack/loss of monitoring | No |
| Volcanic activity | Yes |
| Hazards possible | No |
| Locations affected | No |
| Potential impacts | No |
| Forecast language | Yes |
| Timing language | Yes |
| Actions to take | No |
| Agency actions | No |
| Link to evacuations | No |
| Reporting frequency per level | No |
| Link to monitoring thresholds | No |
| Step-up and step-down language | Yes |
Related References
Newhall, C., & Solidum, R. U. (2017). Volcanic hazard communication at Pinatubo from 1991 to 2015. In: Fearnley, C.J., Bird, D.K., Haynes, K., McGuire, W.J., Jolly, G. (eds) Observing the Volcano World. Advances in Volcanology. Springer, Cham. (pp. 189-203). https://doi.org/10.1007/11157_2016_43
Punongbayan R.S., Bautista M.L.P., Harlow D.H., Newhall C.G., Hoblitt R.P. (1996). Pre-eruption hazard assessments and warnings. In: Newhall C.G., Punongbayan R.S. (eds). Fire and mud: eruptions and lahars of Mount Pinatubo, Philippines: Quezon City, Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, and Seattle, University of Washington Press, pp 67–85. https://pubs.usgs.gov/pinatubo/contents.html
Tayag J., Insauriga S., Ringor A., Belo M. (1996). People’s response to eruption warning: The Pinatubo experience, 1991–92. In: Newhall C.G., Punongbayan R.S. (eds). Fire and mud: eruptions and lahars of Mount Pinatubo, Philippines: Quezon City, Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, and Seattle,
University of Washington Press, pp 87–106. https://pubs.usgs.gov/pinatubo/contents.html